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8 Best Vitamin D3 and K2 Supplements 2025: Benefits, Reviews and Prices

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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Most people in the United States consume less than recommended amounts of vitamin D . An analysis of data from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) found that average daily vitamin D intakes from foods and beverages were 4.3 mcg in men, 3.8 mcg in women, and 5 mcg (200 IU) in children aged 2–19 years ( NHANES 2017 - 2018 ). What Is Vitamin D? Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning that it dissolves in fats and oils and can be stored in your body for a long time. Vitamin D is important to the body in many ways. It helps the body absorb calcium from food and supplements. Muscles need it to move, for example, nerves need it to carry messages between the brain and every body part, and the immune system needs vitamin D to fight off invading bacteria and viruses. Together with calcium, vitamin D also helps protect older adults from osteoporosis. Vitamin D is found in cells throughout the body. Vitamin D Market Size The Global Vitamin D Market size was ...
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Ivermectin and Fenbendazole in the Treatment of Psoriasis? A Case Series of 13 Patients (2025)

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition affecting approximately 7.5 million individuals in the United States, with significant economic, physical, and psychological burdens. This case series reports on 13 patients who experienced notable improvements in psoriasis symptoms following treatment with ivermectin and/or fenbendazole, antiparasitic agents repurposed for this indication. Cases were derived from self-reported testimonials shared on social media platforms. Treatment durations ranged from 3 days to 3 months, with dosages varying between 6 mg ivermectin twice daily and combinations with fenbendazole. Rapid resolution of skin lesions was observed in most cases, with some achieving near-complete clearance. While these anecdotal reports suggest potential therapeutic efficacy, controlled clinical trials are warranted to validate these findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by hyperproliferation...
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7 Best Cetylpyridinium Chloride Mouthwash Brands 2025

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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A meta-analysis of 3 studies (C19early 2025) concluded that CPC (CetylPyridinium Chloride) may significantly lower risk with  viral clearance . One study shows significant benefit. Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 83% [6‑97%] lower risk . Results are consistent with early treatment being more effective than late treatment. A study, published in Nature ( Takeda 2022 ) concluded that CPC (CetylPyridinium Chloride) may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection even at lower concentrations. Another team of international scientists has also demonstrated the usefulness of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouthwashes in inhibiting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and reducing the risk of viral transmission. The study is published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology (2022). A scientific review, published in the  Journal of Formosan Medical Association  (2022) also concluded that mouthwash containing CPC shows potential fo...
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Retatrutide vs Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide (Ozempic): GLP-1 Wars

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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Introduction The landscape of obesity treatment has evolved dramatically with the introduction of advanced medical therapeutics like retatrutide (RETA, LY3437943), tirzepatide (Mounjaro), and semaglutide (Ozempic). These drugs, originally developed to manage type 2 diabetes, have shown remarkable efficacy in promoting weight loss, making them game-changers for obesity management. However, each drug has unique mechanisms, benefits, and potential applications, including emerging roles in cancer prevention. This article compares retatrutide, tirzepatide, and semaglutide, highlighting their differences in mechanism of action, weight loss efficacy, additional health benefits, and side effects to help patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions. Credit: GoodRx Health Mechanism of Action Semaglutide : Semaglutide (Ozempic and Wegovy) is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA). It mimics the action of GLP-1, a hormone that enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glu...
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9 Best Vitamin D3, K2 and Magnesium Supplements 2025

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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Magnesium, vitamin D and Vitamin K2 are vitamin and minerals that are vital to several bodily processes. Though they occur naturally in a variety of foods, many people take supplements to help increase their intake. Magnesium, Vitamin D3 and Vitamin K Dosage The typical daily dosage recommendations for these nutrients are: Magnesium: 400–500 mg Vitamin D3: 800 IU (20 mcg)  Vitamin K : 120mcg Food With Magnesium, Vitamin D3 and Vitamin K Magnesium: dark chocolate, avocados, nuts, leafy vegetables, and legumes Vitamin D3: avocados, nuts, seeds, full-fat dairy products and eggs Vitamin K: turnips, spinach, kale, brocolli, soybeans, carrots, Chicken If you’re concerned you may be deficient in any of these nutrients, talk to a health professional who can test your levels and determine whether you should eat more of these foods or take a supplement. Benefits and uses 1. May support bone health Magnesium  plays a key role in converting vitamin D into its active form, which aids calci...
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7 Best Organic Vitamin D3 and K2 Supplements 2025

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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In recent weeks and months, several publications and studies have suggested that maintaining adequate levels of vitamin D would seem potentially beneficial in fighting the COVID-19 infection. How do you know that your vitamin D level is adequate? Most people in the United States consume less than recommended amounts of vitamin D. An analysis of data from the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) found that average daily vitamin D intakes from foods and beverages were 5.1 mcg (204 IU) in men, 4.2 mcg (168 IU) in women, and 4.9 mcg (196 IU) in children aged 2–19 years ( NHANES ). What Is Vitamin D? Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning that it dissolves in fats and oils and can be stored in your body for a long time. Vitamin D is important to the body in many ways. It helps the body absorb calcium from food and supplements. Muscles need it to move, for example, nerves need it to carry messages between the brain and every body part, and the immune syste...
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Triple G Agonists (Retatrutide): A Home Run for Obesity - NEJM

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
The New England Journal of Medicine - The buzz was palpable at the 2023 American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions as multiple new nutrient-stimulated, hormone-based therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes took center stage. Among these therapies, the triple–hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide — the subject of a phase 2 trial by Jastreboff et al., the results of which are published in this issue of the   Journal 1   — showed unprecedented efficacy in treating obesity, with 24% weight loss over 48 weeks. Hormonal responses to nutrient intake are key regulators of metabolism. The best known is insulin secretion in response to postprandial increases in levels of glucose or amino acids, promoting nutrient storage and maintaining normoglycemia. In addition, intestinal hormonal responses to food intake further magnify insulin secretion (e.g., the “incretin effect” mediated by glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] and glucose-dependent insulinotropi...
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10 Foods to Boost Your Immune System 2025

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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Feeding your body certain foods may help keep your immune system strong. Here is the list. BEST FOODS TO BOOST YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM 1. Anti-Inflammatory Diet One diet synonymous with anti-inflammatory properties is the Mediterranean diet, which is characterized by a relatively high dietary intake of minimally processed fruit, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, whole grains, nuts, and monounsaturated fats, followed by low-to-moderate consumptions of fermented dairy products, fish, poultry, wine, and, lastly, low consumptions of processed and red meats  [ PubMed ,  PubMed ] . A balanced diet rich in these foods is associated with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compounds, including essential vitamins (C, D, and E) and minerals (zinc, copper, calcium, etc.), that affect a person’s nutri...
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Difference Between NAD+ and NADH?

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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What's the difference between NAD and NADH ? Due to the small alphabetical difference, these nutrients are often mixed up and confused by most consumers.  NAD+, or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a coenzyme found in every single living cell. But sometimes it’s referred to, colloquially, as just NAD (no plus). That plus sign matters, though, because the term NAD is used to collectively refer to the different forms of NAD: the molecules NAD+ and NADH. We will cover the essentials and explain about each of these nutrients below. NAD NAD or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is derived from Nicotinamide Riboside (NR). NR is one of the 3 main forms of Niacin (vitamin B3). NAD+ is a substrate for a number of important enzymes, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which is known as a classic longevity protein. NAD+ is also essential in metabolic processes such as creating ATP in your mitochondria. It accepts and donates electrons and is used in oxidatio...
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Best Dermatologists and Skin Specialists in Petaling Jaya 2020

By Dr Frank Yap, MD
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If you are looking to find a skin specialist in Petaling Jaya (PJ), you've come to the right place. Skin Specialists or dermatologists are medically qualified doctors who provide a range of skin care services from treating simple skin conditions to diagnosis and management of more complicated skin cases. Just so that we are on the same page, a skin specialist is a dermatologist if he holds a professional medical degree with further post-graduate training in skin diseases. We wouldn't call someone working at a spa a skin specialist though, but if you have a skin related problem and has not been well managed by a general practitioner, you need to be referred to a skin specialist or a dermatologist. This post is about finding the right dermatologist for your skin problem in Petaling Jaya (PJ), Selangor.  Image via Dermaworldclinic.com If you have a skin related problem, you're likely to start by seeing your family or primary care doctor. But in some cases, you may be re...
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